Current Role of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation and Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Lung protective ventilatory strategies using conventional ventilators have resulted in decreased mortality in adult patients who have acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conceptually, high frequency oscillatory ventilation and airway pressure release ventilation appear not only able to fulfill the goals of lung protection, but also to offer some additional advantages over conventional ventilation. Although early data for each of these modes in adults have been encouraging, their widespread use--particularly outside of a rescue situation--cannot be recommended without further evidence.