Protein-Resistant Materials via Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine

Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (poly(MPC)) was grafted from various polymeric substrates to prepare protein-resistant materials. The poly(MPC) chain length was adjusted via the ratio of monomer to sacrificial initiator in solution. The surfaces were characterized by water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The protein-resistant properties of the poly(MPC)-grafted surfaces were evaluated by single adsorption experiments with fibrinogen and lysozyme. It was shown that the simple three-step grafting method could be applied to modify various biomaterial surfaces including polyurethane and silicones. The adsorption of fibrinogen and lysozyme to the modified surfaces was greatly reduced compared to the unmodified surfaces, and adsorption decreased with increasing poly(MPC) chain length. On polyurethane film grafted with poly(MPC) of chain length 100, the reduction in adsorption was approx. 96% for lysozyme and approx. 99% for fibrinogen.