Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines – But not Interferon‐β – Produced in Response to HSV‐2 in Primary Human Genital Epithelial Cells are Associated with Viral Replication and the Presence of the Virion Host Shutoff Protein

PROBLEM: It is unknown whether viral replication or viral components that subvert innate responses in other cells, specifically the virion host shutoff (VHS) protein, play a role in determining primary genital epithelial cell (GEC) innate antiviral responses. METHOD OF STUDY: Cultures of primary female GECs were exposed to wildtype (WT), VHS-deleted (vhsB), or UV-inactivated HSV-2. Antiviral pathway induction was evaluated by measuring nuclear …