Restrictive Behavior Management Practices

Restrictive behaviour management practices (RBMPs) are usually considered high risk, emergency procedures, that are used in response to perceived violent and dangerous situations. Contemporary use of RBMPs for individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities has been controversial, primarily due to the ethical, legal, and safety concerns that have arisen historically and continue to exist regarding (a) the impingement on an individual’s personal rights and freedoms, (b) physical health risks, and (c) potential for long-term psychological harm or trauma. This chapter focuses on the history of RBMPs, types of RBMPs commonly used to manage dangerous behaviour, implications of these practices, and practical considerations for when the use of RBMPs cannot be avoided. Finally, we describe alternatives to RBMPs, strategies to reduce restraint procedures, methods to prevent crisis situations safely, and the implications of RBMP alternatives on an individual’s long-term health.