Seismic behavior and resistant systems of girder bridges with tall piers: A comprehensive and state-of-the-art review

This study provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in seismic design and resilience for girder bridges with tall piers, a critical infrastructure component in mountainous and canyon regions. With the increasing complexity of topographical challenges, especially in southwest China, tall piers exceeding 40 m have become indispensable in navigating these spatial constraints. However, their significant mass distribution and high …