Systematic surge protection strategies: case studies in practical choices

Surge protection strategies range from control of the initiating disturbance, to modifications of basic system, to the installation of dedicated protection devices. This paper illustrates a set of systematic surge protection strategies with practical insights into the various factors that inform suitable choices. Case studies illustrate several surge protection strategies and also warn practitioners that well-intended but inadequate consideration of transient considerations can actually be detrimental, possibly degrading the transient response while increasing risk. The best transient protection systems are thoughtfully and comprehensively designed and maintained, with final choices balancing key risks and costs. Furthermore, as every system is somewhat unique, a blend of creativity and conservatism is often called for a challenging combination grounded in a deep understanding of first principles.