Seismic loss comparison for buildings designed with ductile steel seismic force-resisting systems and with controlled rocking braced frames

Observations from past earthquakes have highlighted the structural damage and significant residual deformations experienced by ductile steel seismic force-resisting systems (SFRSs), such as special moment resisting frames (SMRFs), special concentrically braced frames (SCBFs), and buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs). To mitigate these challenges, controlled rocking braced frames (CRBFs) have emerged as a promising low-damage alternative …