Role of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Infertile Women: Ovarian Endometrioma, Deep Endometriosis, and Superficial Endometriosis

Transvaginal ultrasonography is considered the first-line investigation for gynaecological issues such as pelvic pain and infertility, which are often secondary to endometriosis. In the hands of a trained operator, accurate and reliable evaluation of ovarian endometriomas and deep endometriosis is possible. Recently, the use of transvaginal ultrasonography has been proposed for the diagnosis of superficial endometriosis. This chapter will describe in detail how to perform ultrasonography in infertile women with suspicion of endometriosis.