How Pharmacies and Retailer Shops Convey Information on Health Products to Their Customers

Introduction Natural health products are frequently used by many people. However, many of these individuals do not discuss these products with their physicians, and instead seek information about the products from pharmacies or natural health product retailers. Previous research has shown that not all pharmacists are comfortable answering questions about these products as they receive little training in this area; natural health product retailers are unregulated and receive training at their own discretion. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the information provided by pharmacies and natural health product retailers pertaining to use, adverse effects, and potential drug interactions for four currently popular products: garlic, peppermint, black licorice, and apple cider vinegar. Methods The literature surrounding these products was reviewed and compared to information provided by pharmacies and natural health product retailers. The interviews were conducted by an investigator who presented as a potential client to closely mimic real-world interactions. Statistical analysis was limited to generating proportions and 95% confidence intervals for statements made about each product. Results Overall, 10% of statements that were made regarding the uses for the four natural health products were consistent with the evidence-based literature, 40% of statements were consistent with the common use of the products, 47% of statements were inconsistent with the literature and 3% of statements reflected general opinions about the product. There was variation in the accuracy of statements depending on which product was discussed. When discussing adverse effects associated with the products 38% of statements made by pharmacists and 44% made by NHP retailers were consistent with the literature. Sixty-nine percent of pharmacists and 44% of NHP retailers correctly identified potential drug interactions for the products. Discussion The majority of statements were consistent with common use but few evidence-based statements were made and a large proportion of statements that were inconsistent with literature were made. Most interviewees required prompting to discuss adverse effects and potential drug interactions. Conclusions This study highlights a need for increased training of pharmacists and natural health product retailers to ensure that they are familiar with these popular natural health products and can provide accurate information to clients regarding use, adverse effects, and possible drug interactions.