Survey of receiving‐water environmental impacts associated with discharges from pulp mills: 1. Mill characteristics, receiving‐water chemical profiles and lab toxicity tests

Abstract This survey examined the relationship between environmental responses at pulp mill sites and the pulping process (kraft vs. sulphite/thermomechanical pulping), effluent treatment (primary vs. secondary treatment), and bleaching technology used by pulp mills. This manuscript is the first in a series of four; it reviews the location and operating characteristics of mills included in the survey and provides background information on water …