Productivity Improvements and Falling Trade Costs: Boon or Bane?

This paper looks at two features of globalization, namely productivity improvements and falling trade costs, and explores their effect on welfare in a monopolistic competition model with heterogenous firms and technological asymmetries. Contrary to received wisdom, and for reasons unrelated to adverse terms of trade effects, we show that there is good reason to expect improvements in a partner's productivity to hurt us and for falling trade costs to raise welfare in the technologically advanced country while reducing it in the backward one.