Changing a multidomestic production network to a global function network: North America Heinz ketchup from 1960 to 2015

Two frameworks, the global production network and manufacturing strategy, are used to analyze the North America Heinz ketchup production network during the time period from 1960 to 2015. The frameworks reveal how and why Heinz changed its traditional multidomestic network to a modern global function network. This network enabled Heinz to become the industry׳s lowest-cost producer while producing the industry׳s leading product. It is also the network-type Heinz is establishing in its Europe, Asia/Pacific, and Rest of World business units. The analysis gives insight into the usefulness of the two frameworks for analyzing complex production networks.