The feasibility of in vivo measurement of arsenic and silver by x‐ray fluorescence

Abstract This paper describes studies that have been performed to assess the feasibility of measuring arsenic and silver in human skin in vivo using x‐ray fluorescence (XRF). All of the systems could measure arsenic or silver to concentration levels of < 10 parts per million. This level of precision indicates that in vivo XRF is capable of measuring concentrations expected in exposed populations. Skin doses were within the levels, which could be acceptable for in vivo measurement. In vivo XRF studies of these elements are well worth pursuing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.