Canadian cryospheric response to an anomalous warm summer: A synthesis of the climate change action fund project “the state of the arctic cryosphere during the extreme warm summer of 1998”

As of 2003, the warmest year on record in Canada (and globally) was 1998. Extensive warming was observed over the Canadian Arctic during the summer of 1998. A collaborative, interdisciplinary project involving government, universities, and the private sector examined the effect of this unusual warmth on cryospheric conditions and documented the responses, placing them in a 30–40 year context. This paper represents a synthesis of these results. …