Synthetic Radio Frequency Identification Tracer Stones with Weighted Inner Ball for Burial Depth Estimation

Radio frequency identification (RFID) tracer stones are an increasingly popular tool in sediment transport research. A key limitation of RFID tracers is the sensitivity of their detection zone shape to the orientation of the transponder. The variability in detection zone shapes reduces detection rates by obscuring tracer positions and creating complex interference effects when multiple tracer stones are within the antenna detection field. This …