Multi-dimensional diagnosis model for the sustainable development of regions facing water scarcity problem: A case study for Guangdong, China

Freshwater consumption and wastewater discharge of economic activities have caused water scarcity problem in many regions. This study aims to develop a multi-dimensional diagnosis model (MDDM) to provide new insights for the sustainable development of regions which face water scarcity problem. In detail, the sectorial blue water, grey water and total water consumptions are assessed to reveal the direct effects of economic activities on water quantity and water quality. Then, hypothetical extraction method is integrated into input-output model and ecological network analysis to quantify the system-based effects of sectors in three dimensions: economy, water and metabolism. A case study of Guangdong province, China is conducted to illustrate the availability of the developed model. We found that the multi-dimensional performances of Guangdong's socioeconomic system are dominated by a few sectors. Wastewater, especially that discharged from the primary industry, is the main reason for the local water scarcity. Specifically, the unique role that every sector plays in the socioeconomic system is quantitatively revealed by MDDM, which could guide the relevant policy development at sectorial level.