A dynamic optimization framework for basic oxygen furnace operation

About 70% of the steel used worldwide is produced via the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF). This process has limited automation, and normal operation relies on invaluable operators’ knowledge and past experience. In this paper, we present a framework for dynamic optimization of BOF operation. The dynamic optimization problems utilize a first-principles based dynamic model, and are solved using a hybrid method in which the states are integrated using …