Surfactant flow and transport in the vadose zone: a numerical experiment

The presence of surfactants in the unsaturated zone is one of the scenarios where the flow depends on the solute concentration. The simulation of flow and transport of surfactants requires the coupling of flow and transport, where the surfactant concentration-dependent changes to water retention (i.e. changes in surface tension and/or contact angle) and hydraulic conductivity need to be considered. This research presents a numerical experiment …