The present study investigated whether individuals' beliefs about the cognitive, behavioral, and affective outcomes associated with alcohol consumption (alcohol outcome expectancies; AOEs) varied as a function of family history of alcoholism (FH — versus FH+) and child abuse experiences (low versus high). Three hundred and thirty-three adults (212 women) undergoing residential treatment for drug and/or alcohol abuse completed a battery of self-report questionnaires that assessed their pre-treatment alcohol consumption patterns, maternal and paternal problem drinking, AOEs, and various forms of child abuse (i.e., emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as witnessing parental violence). Four discrete groups were formed that varied according to family history of alcoholism and childhood abuse. Family history of alcoholism was consistently associated with higher levels of childhood abuse, with women being over-represented in the high abuse categories. While no significant gender by group status interactions were found, women, in comparison to men, expected greater sociability, sexuality, and cognitive-behavioral impairment. In comparison to individuals raised in non-alcoholic homes characterized by low levels of child abuse, participants from alcoholic homes who experienced high levels of abuse were more likely to expect negative AOEs (i.e., cognitive-behavioral impairment, risk/aggression, and self-perception) and outcomes associated with feelings of power and courage. Among those who were raised in non-alcoholic families, individuals who experienced high levels of child abuse were also more likely to expect alcohol-related aggression. The present findings suggest that, among treatment-seeking adults, CO As are a heterogeneous group that differ in terms of their child abuse histories and also the specific AOEs they hold.