Rethinking ‘macro’ and ‘meso’ levels of new institutional analysis: the case of international education corporations Foot notes

Private tutoring is a worldwide phenomenon, long-popular in Europe and Asia ( Baker & LeTendre, 2005 ; Bray, 2003 ; Stevenson & Baker, 1992 ), and increasingly so in North America ( Aurini, 2004 ; Aurini & Davies, 2004 ; Davies, 2004 ). However, this K-12 “supplementary education” or “shadow education” sector is being transformed. Until recently it has been a cottage industry of individual tutors and test prep companies, but corporate bodies …