abstract
- Oral administration of antigen is a potent route for induction of systemic tolerance. Regulatory T cells and TH3 cellsare generated at intestinal mucosal sites. Oral exposure to antigens in seminal plasma has been suggested to be ableto generate 'tolerance' at the materno-fetal interface that may reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia and recurrent miscarriage. Issues relating to assessing the applicability of oral exposure to seminal plasma antigens in recurrentmiscarriage are discussed. Such tolerance could represent an unappreciated confounder in immunotherapy trials.