The Extension of Rowe’s Stress-Dilatancy Model to General Stress Condition

In this paper, Rowe’s stress-dilatancy formulation, originally developed for 2D and triaxial stress conditions, is extended to a more general three-dimensional stress condition. By introducing a second order tensor n defined as a tensor product of stress and strain increment tensors, Rowe’s model is re-interpreted in terms of the invariants of this tensor and is expressed in a tensorial form applicable to both 2D and 3D stress conditions. Comparisons with experimental data show that the extended 3D stress-dilatancy formulation can reproduce experimental dilatancy characteristics for general stress conditions.