Two-dimensional near-field microwave holography

A new two-dimensional (2D) holographic microwave imaging technique is proposed to reconstruct the 2D image of a target. It is based on the Fourier analysis of the data recorded by two antennas scanning together two separate rectangular parallel apertures on both sides of a target. The complex back-scattered signals of the two antennas are first processed to localize the target in the range direction. Then, the 2D image of the target is reconstructed. No assumptions are made about the incident fields, which can be derived by either simulation or measurement. Both the back-scattered and forward-scattered signals can be used to reconstruct the image of the target. This makes the proposed technique applicable with near-field measurements. To evaluate the proposed technique, the range localization and the 2D image reconstruction of a predetermined simulated target are examined. Associated resolution limits, sampling constraints and the impact of noise are also discussed.