Seismic Response of Reinforced-Concrete Masonry Shear-Wall Components and Systems: State of the Art

This paper presents a concise state-of-the-art survey on the research work pertaining to the seismic response of reinforced masonry shear walls (RMSW) with a focus on the published research work as of the 1980s on mainly RMSW built using concrete blocks. The paper is organized into two main focus areas: RMSW components (i.e., individual walls) and RMSW systems (i.e., complete buildings). To facilitate readability, the components literature survey is further categorized into five sections. These sections highlight the experimental and, to some extent, the numerical and analytical studies related to the seismic response of RMSW that are either: (1) fully grouted and squat; (2) fully grouted and slender; (3) fully grouted and end-confined; (4) fully/partially grouted and coupled or with openings; and (5) partially grouted. Each of these sections is presented from three perspectives that cover the historical overview, the current state of the art, and future research needs. Similar to the RMSW components focus area, the RMSW systems literature survey is also presented from three perspectives that cover the historical overview, the current state of the art, and future research needs. The paper concludes by briefly summarizing future challenges facing reinforced masonry construction under seismic loads and possible solutions through collaborative and individual research efforts.