Pacemakers, recent directions and developments

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pacemaker and implantable cardiovertor defibrillator utilization is evolving rapidly. Expanding indications are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: Current pacemakers are smaller, more dependable, longer lasting and have rate-adaptive features. Implantable cardiovertor defibrillators use transvenous leads and have advanced pacing abilities. Primary pacing indications remain sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular conduction …