The fundamental principle behind magnetic actuation involves the interaction between magnetic fields and magnetic materials or current-carrying conductors, which can generate forces and torques to induce motion.\n\nMagnetic actuation offers several significant advantages over other common actuation mechanisms used in microsystems, such as electrostatic, thermal, piezoelectric, chemical, and pneumatic actuation. This makes magnetic actuation a preferred choice in various applications where precision, versatility, and non-invasive control are important.