SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection among people with and without HIV in Ontario, Canada

We found that risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection did not meaningfully differ between a population-based cohort of vaccinated people with HIV and a matched cohort of people without HIV after accounting for sociodemographic factors, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2 testing patterns and COVID-19 vaccine doses (14 December 2020 to 5 May 2024). However, rates of breakthrough infection were higher among men with HIV compared to without HIV during the pre-Omicron era.