Hamiltonian-Based Hybrid Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives for DC Microgrid Applications

This paper presents a Hamiltonian-based hybrid control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives for dc microgrid applications. Conventional field-oriented and direct torque control schemes often struggle with constant power load (CPL) conditions, which introduce negative impedance and destabilize the dc bus. To overcome this, the proposed method integrates Hamiltonian energy control with second-order homogeneous tracking control. The Hamiltonian framework provides energy shaping and damping injections to ensure global stability, while the tracking controller eliminates steady-state speed errors and improves dynamic response. An extended Hamiltonian model with integral action is also introduced to guarantee accurate q-axis current regulation without relying on complex interconnection gains. Experimental tests on a real PMSM using a dSPACE MicroLabBox confirm the effectiveness of the approach, demonstrating smooth acceleration, robust speed regulation under load disturbances, and stable performance during speed reversal. These results highlight the practicality of Hamiltonian-based hybrid control for advanced EV and microgrid applications.