Falling Third-Trimester Insulin Requirements in Diabetic Pregnancies and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: There is conflicting evidence on whether falling insulin requirements (FIRs) in the third trimester are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. We synthesized published evidence to address this knowledge gap. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, wherein we searched four bibliographic databases until September 04 2025 for articles describing third-trimester FIR and pregnancy outcomes. We assessed the risk …