Resident memory macrophages and trained innate immunity at barrier tissues

Innate immune memory, or trained innate immunity (TII), represents a form of immunological adaptation in which innate immune cells, including myeloid and lymphoid cells, retain a trained state following prior exposure to immunological stimuli. This long-lasting modification either enhances or reduces the innate immune response to subsequent heterologous infections or inflammatory insults. While TII often provides protective benefits, including …