Improving the Reporting on Health Equity in Observational Research (STROBE-Equity)

Importance: Observational studies can provide valuable insights to inform decisions on health equity. Existing guidelines for reporting such studies, such as the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement, currently lack specific considerations for reporting on health equity. Health equity is defined as the absence of avoidable and unfair differences that may exist across individuals and populations due to structural and systematic inequities in living and working conditions, opportunities, and resources. To address this gap, the research team developed an extension of the STROBE statement (STROBE-Equity) that focuses on reporting health equity data and considerations. Observations: This consensus statement followed steps for developing a consensus- and evidence-based guideline using an integrated knowledge translation approach to ensure engagement of knowledge users from diverse disciplines and perspectives. Selection criteria for the research team and steering committees prioritized diversity across age, gender, and geography. The STROBE checklist was extended to include 10 items specifically aimed at reporting health equity considerations. To develop these items, the research team drew on evidence from empirical studies including a scoping review of the literature, methodological review, key informant interviews, an online survey, and a global consensus meeting of experts. For each of the 10 equity-related items, the statement provides an explanation and example(s) of transparent reporting practices. Conclusions and Relevance: Use of the STROBE-Equity extension alongside the STROBE statement when writing up completed reports of observational studies has the potential to advance the reporting of health equity data and considerations. Improved reporting of this information may help knowledge users better identify and apply evidence relevant to populations experiencing inequities.