Surrogate endpoints serve as a substitute measure for how a patient may feel, function, or how long they survive, and are an extremely important tool when performing clinical research as they may provide valuable information regarding treatment efficacy. They are particularly useful when evaluating treatment outcomes that are rare, difficult, or unethical to measure. However, the use of surrogate endpoints has significant limitations in that they may not accurately represent the relationship between the intervention and outcome of interest. As such, this chapter aims to provide a blueprint on how to utilize surrogate endpoints precisely and accurately in clinical research.