CRISPR-Cas9-Guided Genetic Manipulation of Patient-Derived Brain Tumor Cells

CRISPR-Cas9 technology has revolutionized scientific research and has provided scientists with the ability to change DNA bases specifically and precisely at predetermined sites. The CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (KO) and activation (a) platforms developed by Hart et al. and Sanson et al. allow for RNA-directed genome editing to both decrease or increase gene expression, respectively [1, 2]. In this chapter the two techniques, CRISPR KO and CRISPRa, will be discussed and explained in further detail for optimized application against patient derived brain tumor cells.