Micro-plaque assays: A high-throughput method to detect, isolate, and characterize bacteriophages

Abstract The gold standard for the isolation and characterization of bacteriophages (phages), the plaque assay, has remained almost unchanged for over 100 years. The need for improvements to its scalability has been driven home by successes with personalized phage therapy requiring large phage libraries and rapid sensitivity testing. Using a robotic pinning platform, we miniaturized plaque assays from bacterial lawns to micro-colonies from 100 …