Novel design of strip line L-shape probe-fed wideband metallic contact stacked patch antenna for GNSS application

A novel design of compact circularly polarized metallic contact annular stacked patch antenna has been proposed for global navigation satellite system in this paper. In order to obtain wideband characteristics, broadband 90° hybrids have been used as a secondary network. As a result, the antenna has an effective bandwidth of 87% from 0.85 to 2.16 GHz for VSWR < 2, and 62.4% from 0.97 to 1.85 GHz for AR < 3 dB respectively, which is sufficiently enough to operate for the satellite navigation frequencies including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Compass (1100–1600 MHz). The designed antenna can provide stable gain bandwidths, broad beam width and good axial ratio at low elevation by introducing metallic contact annular stacked patch structure. The designed antenna occupies a compact size of 100 mm × 100 mm × 13 mm.