Imported congenital malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale: A case report

We describe a 5-week-old term infant with Plasmodium ovale severe congenital malaria in a non-endemic setting. She presented with diarrhea, poor feeding, lethargy, hepatosplenomegaly, and severe anemia. She was fortuitously diagnosed with malaria on routine blood smear, and successfully treated with intravenous artesunate. Subsequent history revealed maternal malaria diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy in Nigeria. This case underscores the importance of obtaining maternal exposure history and considering malaria testing in pregnant women and infants with unexplained illness. It also contributes to the limited literature on congenital malaria and severe malaria caused by P. ovale.