Optimized polarization-independent Chand-Bali nano-antenna for thermal IR energy harvesting

A novel, polarization-independent, wide-angle reception Chand-Bali nano-antenna is proposed. An adjoint-based optimization algorithm is used to create the same resonance at both linear polarizations of the incident radiation. The nano-antenna optimal parameters reveal that two hot spots with a strong field enhancement are created. These hot-spots could be integrated with metal–insulator–metal (MIM) diodes to form a rectenna for infrared (IR) energy harvesting. The metallic resonators allow for selecting several materials to facilitate the fabrication of the nano-antenna and the MIM diode. The Chand-Bali-based IR rectennas are investigated and simulations demonstrate an improvement of more than one order of magnitude in efficiency compared to ones using traditional nano-antennas.