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Hydrothermal Effects on Isotope and Trace Element Records in Modern Reef Corals: A Study of Porites lobata from Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea

Abstract

The coral reef in Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea, is exposed to the vigorous discharge of hydrothermal fluids (up to 98C). This study investigates eight Porites lobata samples that were collected throughout the area of active venting at varying distances from vent sites. A sample from a non-hydrothermal coral (C-29), collected 10 km north of Tutum Bay, was analyzed for comparative purposes. Density banding is moderately well developed in these corals and subannual bands are common. For corals from Tutum Bay, 13C ranges from 4.5 to 1.0 and 18O from 6.0 to 3.8, which are relatively depleted values for shallow water Porites. The comparison sample, C-29, has 13C values ranging from 1.8 to 0.5, and 18O values of 5.4 to 4.6. Concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Ga, Ge, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, W, Y and Zr were always below their respective proton probe detection limits. Ba, Br, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were detected in some samples. Sr was detected in all samples and concentrations ranged from 6970 to 8240 ppm. Strontium isotope ratios of selected samples (C-5, C-8 and C-29) are very close to seawater, but Tutum Bay corals (C-5 and C-8) have lower 87Sr86Sr values than the non-hydrothermal sample (C-29). The observed isotope patterns indicate that the hydrothermal input into Tutum Bay influences the physico-chemical conditions in the surrounding coral reef. Tutum Bay Porites lobata show distinctly different 13C and 87Sr86Sr records when compared to the non-hydrothermal sample and other corals from Papua New Guinea and elsewhere. Direct and indirect synergistic effects, including temperature, isotopic and chemical composition of vent fluids and the influence of pCO2 on the expression of photosynthetic and kinetic stable isotope fractionation factors, are the most likely explanation for the hydrothermal signal seen in these corals. The 18O values are significantly correlated with the estimated amounts of hydrothermal exposure.

Authors

PICHLER T; HEIKOOP JM; RISK MJ; VEIZER J; CAMPBELL IL

Journal

Palaios, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 225–234

Publication Date

June 1, 2000

DOI

10.1669/0883-1351%282000%29015%3c0225%3aheoiat%3e2.0.co%3b2

ISSN

0883-1351
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