After reading this chapter, the student/practitioner will be able to: Understand the origins and definitions of evidence-based practice (EBP) and recognize the key elements. Critically discuss the concepts and misconceptions surrounding EBP. Recognize the nature of EBP in rehabilitation. Understand and explain the key characteristics of evidence-based rehabilitation (EBR), including awareness, consultation, judgment, and creativity. “I have used this intervention for many years, and now researchers have shown that it is not effective. How do I know whether I should believe them and stop using this approach?” “The program in which I work is starting a new service designed to improve the work tolerance and function of injured workers. We will need to demonstrate that the outcomes of this new program are excellent. How do I identify assessment tools to evaluate client outcomes after receiving the program?” “Several studies have shown that a short, intensive therapy intervention may be more effective than therapy for a longer period of time. What are the cost implications of this type of service delivery?” Understand the origins and definitions of evidence-based practice (EBP) and recognize the key elements. Critically discuss the concepts and misconceptions surrounding EBP. Recognize the nature of EBP in rehabilitation. Understand and explain the key characteristics of evidence-based rehabilitation (EBR), including awareness, consultation, judgment, and creativity. “I have used this intervention for many years, and now researchers have shown that it is not effective. How do I know whether I should believe them and stop using this approach?” “The program in which I work is starting a new service designed to improve the work tolerance and function of injured workers. We will need to demonstrate that the outcomes of this new program are excellent. How do I identify assessment tools to evaluate client outcomes after receiving the program?” “Several studies have shown that a short, intensive therapy intervention may be more effective than therapy for a longer period of time. What are the cost implications of this type of service delivery?”