Minimally invasive delivery of ethanol for the treatment of urinary bladder fistulas

Urinary bladder fistula formation is a complication of significant morbidity and mortality following pelvic surgery or radiotherapy. Surgical treatment is the definitive management, but it may be contraindicated in patients with significant comorbidities. The alternative approach is to divert urine away from the fistula with stents and catheters, and allow time for healing. The case illustrated herein describes the use of alcohol to accelerate …