Chapter 30 Biomarkers for coronary artery disease and heart failure

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be an important cause of death throughout the world. Diagnostic tests, in particular blood-based biomarkers, have played an integral role in CVD for over 60 years, especially for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), where initially the enzymatic activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase was demonstrated to be increased in patients with AMI. Since the turn of the millennium, however, …