The Type of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides Dictates Insulin Resistance, GLP-1 and Insulin Secretion During Metabolic Endotoxemia

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can promote metabolic endotoxemia, which is usually modelled using Escherichia coli derived LPS, a potent Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 agonist. LPS from other bacteria can antagonize TLR4 and still contribute to Endotoxin Units (EU). We found that LPS from E. coli impaired glycemic control in mice, whereas equal doses of LPS (up to 0.4 mg/kg) from Salmonella minnesota, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Rhodobacter sphaeroides …