Burns: where are we standing with propranolol, oxandrolone, recombinant human growth hormone, and the new incretin analogs?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The hypermetabolic response in critically ill patients is characterized by hyperdynamic circulatory, physiologic, catabolic and immune system responses. Failure to satisfy overwhelming energy and protein requirements after, and during critical illness, results in multiorgan dysfunction, increased susceptibility to infection, and death. Attenuation of the hypermetabolic response by various pharmacologic modalities is emerging …