Quantifying the Bayesian Evidence for a Planet in Radial Velocity Data

We present results from a data challenge posed to the radial velocity (RV) community: namely, to quantify the Bayesian “evidence” for n = {0, 1, 2, 3} planets in a set of synthetically generated RV data sets containing a range of planet signals. Participating teams were provided the same likelihood function and set of priors to use in their analysis. They applied a variety of methods to estimate , the marginal likelihood for each n-planet …