The Presence of Venous Damage and Microbleeds in Traumatic Brain Injury and the Potential Future Role of Angiographic and Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and longitudinal follow up of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Among injury pathologies, vascular injury is associated with diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and traumatic axonal injury (TAI). The vascular network is ubiquitous and is an integral part of the tissue structure. In this chapter, we focus on angiographic and venographic-related imaging methods and their role in assessing mild, moderate, and severe …