Pheromones and Novel Male-Induced Pregnancy Disruptions in Mice Exposure to Conspecifics Is Necessary for Urine Alone to Induce an Effect

Previous research indicates a role of pheromones in novel male-induced early pregnancy disruptions. Although some reports suggest that urine alone is sufficient to produce this effect, others raise procedural concerns and fail to replicate such effects. On Days 1 to 5 after insemination, female CF-1 mice had their nasal regions repeatedly painted with water, urine from males housed in isolation, or urine from males housed in proximity to …