Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving

PURPOSE: Clinicians need a broad spectrum measurement of psychoactive substance craving (i.e., alcohol and/or drug) to assess collective treatment effects, especially in the context of polysubstance use. In three separate studies, we investigated the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS), designed to measure broad range substance craving. DESIGN: In Study One, we examined the latent factor …