Strange-male-induced pregnancy disruption in mice: Reduction of vulnerability by 17β-estradiol antibodies

It is well-established that novel males can disrupt early pregnancy in house mice. Inseminated female C57BL mice were either left undisturbed or each exposed indirectly to a novel HS male through a wire-mesh grid during days 1-6 of pregnancy. Varied dosages of antibodies to 17 beta-estradiol were administered to females exposed to males. Vehicle-treated females exposed to novel males showed fewer litters than did nonexposed controls. …