Factors contributing to increased muscle fatigue with -blockers

beta-Adrenoceptor blockers are widely used clinically and can be classified as nonselective (beta 1 and beta 2) or selective (beta 1). Impairment of exercise performance is a well-known side effect of this group of drugs. This paper reviews mechanisms that could potentially be responsible for this impairment. In addition to cardiovascular and metabolic effects, beta-blockade inhibits Na(+)-K+ ATPase pumps controlling ion movement between muscle …