Journal article
Validity of observational evidence on putative risk and protective factors: appraisal of 3744 meta-analyses on 57 topics
Abstract
BackgroundThe validity of observational studies and their meta-analyses is contested. Here, we aimed to appraise thousands of meta-analyses of observational studies using a pre-specified set of quantitative criteria that assess the significance, amount, consistency, and bias of the evidence. We also aimed to compare results from meta-analyses of observational studies against meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Mendelian …
Authors
Janiaud P; Agarwal A; Tzoulaki I; Theodoratou E; Tsilidis KK; Evangelou E; Ioannidis JPA
Journal
BMC Medicine, Vol. 19, No. 1,
Publisher
Springer Nature
Publication Date
12 2021
DOI
10.1186/s12916-021-02020-6
ISSN
1741-7015